Burke, Edmund

Burke, Edmund
(¿12? ene. 1729, Dublín, Irlanda–9 jul. 1797, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, Inglaterra).

Parlamentario, orador y filósofo político británico. Hijo de un abogado, inició estudios de derecho, pero luego perdió el interés, se distanció de su padre y pasó algún tiempo viajando por Inglaterra y Francia. Los ensayos que publicó en 1757–58 llamaron la atención de Denis Diderot, Immanuel Kant y Gotthold Lessing y fue contratado para editar un informe anual sobre asuntos mundiales (1758–88). Ingresó a la política (1765) como secretario de un dirigente whig y tomó pronto parte activa en la controversia acerca de si era el parlamento o el monarca el que debía controlar el ejecutivo. Argumentó (1770) que los esfuerzos de Jorge III por devolver a la corona un papel más activo violaban el espíritu de la constitución. Elegido al parlamento (1774–80), sostuvo que sus miembros debían actuar según su propio juicio más que seguir simplemente los deseos de sus electores. Aunque era un decidido constitucionalista, Burke no apoyaba la democracia pura; a pesar de ser conservador, defendió con elocuencia la causa de los colonos norteamericanos, a los cuales consideraba mal gobernados, y apoyó la abolición del comercio internacional de esclavos. Intentó sin éxito legislar en favor de la ayuda a Irlanda y reformar el gobierno de India. Desaprobó la revolución francesa en razón de las actuaciones precipitadas de quienes la dirigían y el ajusticiamiento de aristócratas. Con frecuencia es considerado el fundador del conservadurismo moderno.

Enciclopedia Universal. 2012.

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  • Burke, Edmund — • First Vicar Apostolic of Nova Scotia (1753 1820) Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Burke, Edmund — (1729–1797)    A British parliamentarian, statesman, and philosopher, Edmund Burke was born and educated in Dublin. Burke studied law before becoming a political writer and, in later life, a leading parliamentarian. He served as secretary to the… …   Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914

  • Burke,Edmund — Burke (bûrk), Edmund. 1729 1797. Irish born British politician and writer. Famous for his oratory, he pleaded the cause of the American colonists in Parliament and was instrumental in developing the notions of party responsibility and a loyal… …   Universalium

  • Burke, Edmund — born January 12?, 1729, Dublin, Ire. died July 9, 1797, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, Eng. British parliamentarian, orator, and political philosopher. The son of a lawyer, he began legal studies but lost interest, became estranged from his… …   Universalium

  • Burke, Edmund — (1729–1797) Irish thinker and politician. After his education at Trinity College, Dublin, Burke lived by writing in London, until becoming a Member of Parliament in 1766. His first important work, Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of Our… …   Philosophy dictionary

  • Burke, Edmund — See Rousseau (Jean Jacques) and Burke …   History of philosophy

  • BURKE, EDMUND —    orator and philosophic writer, born at Dublin, and educated at Dublin University; entered Parliament in 1765; distinguished himself by his eloquence on the Liberal side, in particular by his speeches on the American war, Catholic emancipation …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • BURKE, Edmund — (1729 1797)    Anglo Irish orator and founder of British CONSERVATISM who supported the American REVOLUTION and opposed slavery. His best known work is Reflections on the French Revolution (1790) which is a telling critique of revolutionary… …   Concise dictionary of Religion

  • Burke, Edmund — (1729 1797)    Born in Ireland. Educated at Trinity College, Dublin; and entered Parliament in 1765. In 1771 agent for New York province; and in 1774 1775 strongly opposed war with America. In 1782 paymaster of the forces. One of the leaders in… …   The makers of Canada

  • Burke, Edmund — (1729 1797)    Statesman, orator, and political philosopher, was the s. of an attorney in Dublin, where he was b. His f. was a Protestant, but his mother, whose maiden name was Nagle, was a Roman Catholic. He received his early ed. at a Quaker… …   Short biographical dictionary of English literature

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